CD86
Cluster of Differentiation 86 (also known as CD86 and B7-2) is a protein expressed on antigen-presenting cells that provides costimulatory signals necessary for T cell activation and survival. It is the ligand for two different proteins on the T cell surface: CD28 (for autoregulation and intercellular association) and CTLA-4 (for attenuation of regulation and cellular disassociation). CD86 works in tandem with CD80 to prime T cells.
The CD86 gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily.[1] Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Additional transcript variants have been described, but their full-length sequences have not been determined.[2]
Clinical significance
CD86+ macrophages in Hodgkin lymphoma patients are an independent marker for potential nonresponse to firstline-therapy.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Chen C, Gault A, Shen L, Nabavi N (May 1994). "Molecular cloning and expression of early T cell costimulatory molecule-1 and its characterization as B7-2 molecule". J. Immunol. 152 (10): 4929–36. PMID 7513726.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CD86 CD86 molecule". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=942.
- ^ Steidl C, Lee T, Shah SP, Farinha P, Han G, Nayar T, Delaney A, Jones SJ, Iqbal J, Weisenburger DD, Bast MA, Rosenwald A, Muller-Hermelink HK, Rimsza LM, Campo E, Delabie J, Braziel RM, Cook JR, Tubbs RR, Jaffe ES, Lenz G, Connors JM, Staudt LM, Chan WC, Gascoyne RD (March 2010). "Tumor-associated macrophages and survival in classic Hodgkin's lymphoma". N. Engl. J. Med. 362 (10): 875–85. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0905680. PMC 2897174. PMID 20220182. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2897174.
Further reading
- Davila S, Froeling FE, Tan A, et al. (2010). "New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine.". Genes Immun. 11 (3): 232–8. doi:10.1038/gene.2010.1. PMID 20237496.
- Csillag A, Boldogh I, Pazmandi K, et al. (2010). "Pollen-induced oxidative stress influences both innate and adaptive immune responses via altering dendritic cell functions.". J. Immunol. 184 (5): 2377–85. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803938. PMC 3028537. PMID 20118277. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3028537.
- Bossé Y, Lemire M, Poon AH, et al. (2009). "Asthma and genes encoding components of the vitamin D pathway". Respir. Res. 10: 98. doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-98. PMC 2779188. PMID 19852851. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2779188.
- Mosbruger TL, Duggal P, Goedert JJ, et al. (2010). "Large-scale candidate gene analysis of spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus". J. Infect. Dis. 201 (9): 1371–80. doi:10.1086/651606. PMC 2853721. PMID 20331378. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2853721.
- Bugeon L, Dallman MJ (2000). "Costimulation of T cells". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 162 (4 Pt 2): S164–8. PMID 11029388.
- Pan XM, Gao LB, Liang WB, et al. (2010). "CD86 +1057 G/A polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer". DNA Cell Biol. 29 (7): 381–6. doi:10.1089/dna.2009.1003. PMID 20380573.
- Dalla-Costa R, Pincerati MR, Beltrame MH, et al. (2010). "Polymorphisms in the 2q33 and 3q21 chromosome regions including T-cell coreceptor and ligand genes may influence susceptibility to pemphigus foliaceus". Hum. Immunol. 71 (8): 809–17. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2010.04.001. PMID 20433886.
- Talmud PJ, Drenos F, Shah S, et al. (2009). "Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 85 (5): 628–42. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.014. PMC 2775832. PMID 19913121. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2775832.
- Carreño LJ, Pacheco R, Gutierrez MA, et al. (2009). "Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with an altered expression of low-affinity Fc gamma receptors and costimulatory molecules on dendritic cells". Immunology 128 (3): 334–41. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03138.x. PMC 2770681. PMID 20067533. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2770681.
- Koyasu S (2003). "The role of PI3K in immune cells". Nat. Immunol. 4 (4): 313–9. doi:10.1038/ni0403-313. PMID 12660731.
- Kim SH, Lee JE, Kim SH, et al. (2009). "Allelic variants of CD40 and CD40L genes interact to promote antibiotic-induced cutaneous allergic reactions". Clin. Exp. Allergy 39 (12): 1852–6. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03336.x. PMID 19735272.
- Liu Y, Liang WB, Gao LB, et al. (2010). "CTLA4 and CD86 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Hum. Immunol. 71 (11): 1141–6. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2010.08.007. PMID 20732370.
- Ma XN, Wang X, Yan YY, et al. (2010). "Absence of association between CD86 +1057G/A polymorphism and coronary artery disease". DNA Cell Biol. 29 (6): 325–8. doi:10.1089/dna.2009.0987. PMID 20230296.
- Ishizaki Y, Yukaya N, Kusuhara K, et al. (2010). "PD1 as a common candidate susceptibility gene of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis". Human genetics 127 (4): HASH(0x31b6c40). doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0781-z. PMID 20066438.
- Chang TT, Kuchroo VK, Sharpe AH (2002). "Role of the B7-CD28/CTLA-4 pathway in autoimmune disease". Curr. Dir. Autoimmun. 5: 113–30. doi:10.1159/000060550. PMID 11826754.
- Grujic M, Bartholdy C, Remy M, et al. (2010). "The role of CD80/CD86 in generation and maintenance of functional virus-specific CD8+ T cells in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus". J. Immunol. 185 (3): 1730–43. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0903894. PMID 20601595.
- Quaranta MG, Mattioli B, Giordani L, Viora M (2006). "The immunoregulatory effects of HIV-1 Nef on dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of AIDS". FASEB J. 20 (13): 2198–208. doi:10.1096/fj.06-6260rev. PMID 17077296.
- Schuurhof A, Bont L, Siezen CL, et al. (2010). "Interleukin-9 polymorphism in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection: an opposite effect in boys and girls". Pediatr. Pulmonol. 45 (6): 608–13. doi:10.1002/ppul.21229. PMID 20503287.
- Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, et al. (2010). "Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study". Diabetes Care 33 (10): 2250–3. doi:10.2337/dc10-0452. PMC 2945168. PMID 20628086. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2945168.
- Radziewicz H, Ibegbu CC, Hon H, et al. (2010). "Transient CD86 expression on hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells in acute infection is linked to sufficient IL-2 signaling". J. Immunol. 184 (5): 2410–22. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0902994. PMC 2924663. PMID 20100932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2924663.
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PDB gallery
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1i85: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE CTLA-4/B7-2 COMPLEX
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1ncn: the receptor-binding domain of human B7-2
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| 1-50 |
CD1 ( a-c, 1A, 1D, 1E) · CD2 · CD3 ( γ, δ, ε) · CD4 · CD5 · CD6 · CD7 · CD8 ( a) · CD9 · CD10 · CD11 ( a, b, c) · CD13 · CD14 · CD15 · CD16 ( A, B) · CD18 · CD19 · CD20 · CD21 · CD22 · CD23 · CD24 · CD25 · CD26 · CD27 · CD28 · CD29 · CD30 · CD31 · CD32 ( A, B) · CD33 · CD34 · CD35 · CD36 · CD37 · CD38 · CD39 · CD40 · CD41 · CD42 ( a, b, c, d) · CD43 · CD44 · CD45 · CD46 · CD47 · CD48 · CD49 ( a, b, c, d, e, f) · CD50
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| 51-100 |
CD51 · CD52 · CD53 · CD54 · CD55 · CD56 · CD57 · CD58 · CD59 · CD61 · CD62 ( E, L, P) · CD63 · CD64 ( A, B, C) · CD66 ( a, b, c, d, e, f) · CD68 · CD69 · CD70 · CD71 · CD72 · CD73 · CD74 · CD78 · CD79 ( a, b) · CD80 · CD81 · CD82 · CD83 · CD84 · CD85 ( a, d, e, h, j, k) · CD86 · CD87 · CD88 · CD89 · CD90 · CD91- CD92 · CD93 · CD94 · CD95 · CD96 · CD97 · CD98 · CD99 · CD100
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| 101-150 |
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| 151-200 |
CD151 · CD152 · CD153 · CD154 · CD155 · CD156 ( a, b, c) · CD157 · CD158 ( a, d, e, i, k) · CD159 ( a, c) · CD160 · CD161 · CD162 · CD163 · CD164 · CD166 · CD167 ( a, b) · CD168 · CD169 · CD170 · CD171 · CD172 ( a, b, g) · CD174 · CD177 · CD178 · CD179 ( a, b) · CD181 · CD182 · CD183 · CD184 · CD185 · CD186 · CD191 · CD192 · CD193 · CD194 · CD195 · CD196 · CD197 · CDw198 · CDw199 · CD200
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| 201-250 |
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| 251-300 |
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| 301-350 |
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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.